Category: Infection Control & Prevention

Updated Guidelines for the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of COVID-19

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Health Advisory 4-13-22

SARS-CoV-2, virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19), has been evolving over time, resulting in genetic variation in the population of circulating viruses across the world, including the United States. Some of those variations in viral genome can cause resistance to one or more of the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) therapies authorized to treat COVID-19. The ongoing surveillance of human and sewage samples by the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) indicates rise in variant SARS-CoV-2 in Missouri, similar to other states. This DHSS Health Advisory urges health care providers in Missouri to follow newly updated COVID-19 mAB treatment guidelines issued by the National Institute of Health (NIH).

Please view the full Health Advisory for all details – Updated Guidelines for the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of COVID-19 (4.13.21).

Missouri Nursing Home Advisory Council – Infection Preventionist Roadmap Series

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Missouri Nursing Home Advisory Council has created a second installment in their Infection Preventionist Roadmap Series for long-term care facilities. This second installment will focus on the system of prevention, identification, reporting, investigating, and controlling infections. See the Tip Sheet.

MU Nursing Outreach Presents: Free Online Healthcare-Associated Infection Courses

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Long-Term Care Facilities and Visitation

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As we anxiously await guidance from CDC and CMS on changes, they will recommend and/or require of long-term care communities related to testing, visitation, quarantine, etc. – a reminder that homes should use previous visitation guidance to support opening up their communities to visitors. This week, the CMS spreadsheet of county positivity rates shows MO with 63 green, 49 yellow and 3 red counties. Homes in green and yellow counties should allow visitation according to the core principles of COVID-19 infection prevention and facility policies, if they are not in outbreak status. As soon we receive updated guidance, we will communicate the information via the long-term care facility listserv. Keep in mind DHSS has issued guidelines- not regulatory requirements related to visitation. You know your long-term care community and can best assess and make a plan to help residents reconnect with loved ones based on their wants/needs, availability of PPE, staffing, etc.

Additional guidance related to frequent questions we receive:

 

COVID recovered in past 3 months

If a resident has tested positive and has recovered (no longer on transmission based precautions) in the past 90 days, CDC guidance states they do not need to quarantine or get tested again for up to 3 months as long as they do not develop symptoms again. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/quarantine.html Homes can use this guidance in developing policies related to visitation and quarantine for residents as well to help expand visitation within their communities and to allow residents to resume some normalcy in their routines.

For residents that have had COVID in the past 3 months and are off of transmission based precautions, they would not need to quarantine if they left for a home visit or went out for dinner- based on CDC guidance for quarantine. We encourage facilities, families and residents to continue to use the infection control practices outlined in the attached memo. Even though someone has had COVID- we do not know a lot about reinfections and those measures (mask, social distancing, and good hand hygiene) help protect from influenza as well.

 

Home Visits and Outings

If a resident chooses to leave the facility to visit family or for an outing, we recommend nursing homes use the recommendations from the holiday leave guidance when they return to the nursing home:

  • Screen and increase monitoring for signs and symptoms.
  • Test a resident for COVID-19 if signs or symptoms are present or if a resident or their family reports possible exposure to COVID-19 while outside the nursing home. A nursing home may also opt to test residents without signs or symptoms if they leave the nursing home frequently or for a prolonged length of time, such as over 24 hours. For more information on testing guidelines, see CMS memorandum QSO-20-38-NH.
  • Place the resident on transmission-based precautions (TBP) if the resident or family member reports possible exposure to COVID-19 while outside of the nursing home, or if the resident has signs or symptoms of COVID-19 upon return. Please note that residents and loved ones should report to the nursing home staff if they have had any exposure to COVID-19 while outside of the nursing home.
  • Consider placing residents on Transmission Based Precautions BP if they were away from the nursing homes for more than 24 hours.

https://www.cms.gov/files/document/covid-facility-holiday-recommendations.pdf

https://health.mo.gov/living/healthcondiseases/communicable/novel-coronavirus/pdf/ltcf-holiday-guidance.pdf

 

Vaccination and Infection Control measures

At this time, there are still many questions unanswered regarding vaccination that make infection control changes uncertain right now. Current CDC can be found here: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/toolkits/long-term-care/index.html.

Vaccination is one important tool (not the only) in our tool belt to address COVID-19 infections. Vaccinating healthcare personnel and residents is essential to helping prevent individuals (who may not be able to recover) from getting COVID-19. For long-term care facilities, vaccinations are vital to protecting healthcare capacity. Staff who are sick cannot work and provide the necessary case and services to residents to ensure their health and safety.

The toolkit includes some helpful information for staff and residents/loved ones regarding the vaccine as well.

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/toolkits/long-term-care/downloads/answering-staff-questions.pdf

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/toolkits/long-term-care/downloads/answering-residents-loved-ones-questions.pdf

 

Visitation Guidance 9-22-20
CMS Memo – Nursing Home Visitation – COVID-19

New QIPMO Newsletter – February 2021

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The Quality Improvement Program for Missouri (QIPMO) has published MDS Tips and Clinical Pearls – Volume 8, Issue 2.

In this issue:

  • To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate
  • During These Depressive Times
  • The Role of the Charge Nurse
  • Infection Control Assessment and Response
  • Housekeepers: Another Important Team Member
  • Employee Engagement
  • No More BUTS!

Please visit QIPMO’s website here for this and other previous newsletters.

Statewide Project to Test Wastewater for COVID Virus – Recruitment of 20 Long-Term Care Communities

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Since May 2020, the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS), Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and researchers at the University of Missouri – Columbia have been collaborating on a statewide project to test wastewater for genetic markers of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The project recently received new funding through a grant from National Institutes of Health (NIH) to expand wastewater testing to additional congregate living facilities. Public health experts have identified wastewater testing as a useful tool for early detection of outbreaks, even as vaccination efforts progress and clinical testing improves. Please see the letter regarding information about this project and information on recruiting 20 congregate living communities to participate in an expansion of this testing. Ideally, communities would have 50 or more residents who contribute to the sewer system.

Please contact the Department of Health and Senior Services Environmental Public Health Tracking Team at EPHTN@health.mo.gov or 866-628-9891 or 573-751-6102 to express interest in the project or to ask any additional questions. Communities who are interested will receive a follow-up contact from the Missouri Department of Natural Resources to determine if their sewer system will work for this type of testing.

COVID-19 Vaccine, TB testing, and Co-administration with other Vaccines

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We have received a couple emails regarding this, so passing along CDC guidelines on receiving COVID vaccine after/before flu vaccines, TB testing, etc.:

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/clinical-considerations.html

Interpretation of tuberculosis test results in vaccinated persons

Inactive vaccines do not interfere with tuberculosis (TB) test results. There is no immunologic reason to believe either a Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) (administered by intradermal placement of 0.1 cc of purified protein derivative) or blood draw for interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) would affect the safety or effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. We have no data to inform the impact of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines on either TB test for infection (i.e., TST or IGRA).

For healthcare personnel or patients who require baseline TB testing (at onboarding or entry into facilities) at the same time they are to receive an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine:

  • Perform TB symptom screening on all healthcare personnel or patients.
  • If utilizing the IGRA, draw blood for interferon gamma release assay prior to COVID-19 vaccination.
  • If utilizing the TST, place prior to COVID-19 vaccination.
  • If vaccination has been given and testing needs to be performed, defer TST or IGRA until 4 weeks after COVID-19 vaccine 2-dose completion.
    • All potential recipients of COVID-19 vaccination should weigh the risks and benefits of delaying TST/IGRA with their providers.

If a facility has a concern regarding delaying the TST or IGRA, because of vaccination- then they can rely on the state waivers currently in place to delay the TB test, if necessary.

Another question we have received has been regarding CDC guidance related to co-administration with other vaccines.

Coadministration with other vaccines

Given the lack of data on the safety and efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines administered simultaneously with other vaccines, the vaccine series should routinely be administered alone, with a minimum interval of 14 days before or after administration with any other vaccine. However, mRNA COVID-19 and other vaccines may be administered within a shorter period in situations where the benefits of vaccination are deemed to outweigh the potential unknown risks of vaccine coadministration (e.g., tetanus toxoid-containing vaccination as part of wound management, measles or hepatitis A vaccination during an outbreak) or to avoid barriers or delays to mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (e.g., in long-term care facility residents or healthcare personnel who received influenza or other vaccinations prior to/upon admission or onboarding). If mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are administered within 14 days of another vaccine, doses do not need to be repeated for either vaccine.

COVID Vaccinations and Infection Control

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SLCR has received many questions regarding COVID-19 vaccinations and the impact those vaccinations will have on infection control guidelines. At this time, there are still many questions unanswered regarding vaccination that make infection control changes uncertain right now. Current CDC can be found here: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/toolkits/long-term-care/index.html.

Vaccination is one important tool (not the only) in our tool belt to address COVID-19 infections. Vaccinating healthcare personnel and residents is essential to helping prevent individuals (who may not be able to recover) from getting COVID-19. For long-term care facilities, vaccinations are vital to protecting healthcare capacity. Staff who are sick cannot work and provide the necessary case and services to residents to ensure their health and safety.

The toolkit includes some helpful information for staff and residents/loved ones regarding the vaccine as well.

LTCF Staff pdf
LTCF Residents & Loved Ones pdf

CMS Memo: QSO 20-31-ALL: Revised COVID-19 Survey Activities, CARES Act Funding, Enhanced Enforcement for Infection Control deficiencies, and Quality Improvement Activities in Nursing Homes

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CMS has revised the criteria requiring states to conduct focused infection control surveys due to the increased availability of resources for the testing of residents and staff and factors related to the quality of care. In addition, CMS has provided Frequently Asked Questions related to health, emergency preparedness and life-safety code surveys.

See the memo for details.

COVID-19 Vaccine Safety: A Fireside Chat with CMS, CDC, and front line staff and providers 

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COVID-19 Vaccine Safety: A Fireside Chat with CMS, CDC, and front line staff and providers
Wednesday, 6, 2021, at 3:00 pm (Central Time)

Join The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for a fireside chat on vaccine safety. This is the second discussion in a special series, a part of the CMS National Nursing Home Stakeholder Call Series, aimed at addressing staff questions and concerns about the new COVID-19 vaccines. Each session will be moderated by CMS with speakers from CDC and representatives of front line staff and providers.

This chat will continue to address myths surrounding vaccine danger with the following panelist:

  • Dr. Lee Fleisher, CMS Chief Medical Officer and Director, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality (CMS)
  • Dr. Amanda Cohn, Chief Medical Officer (Acting), Office of Vaccine Policy, Preparedness, and Global Health, Office of the Director (CDC)
  • Cassandra Lowe, Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA)

Preparing for the call:

Target Audience: Nursing Home Frontline staff, Chief Nursing Officers

Register in advance for this webinar (After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar): https://cms.zoomgov.com/webinar/register/WN_VQnfc77zTaOho3-yYrtGUAA